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Star Cosmic
Does the Dog star Sirius put off a lot of Cosmic rays?

Which of the nearest stars puts off the most Cosmic rays

Yes, Sirius puts off a lot of cosmic rays
The brighter or bigger the star the more cosmic rays it gives off.

According to Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_rays
“Cosmic rays are energetic particles originating from space that impinge on Earth’s atmosphere. Almost 90% of all the incoming cosmic ray particles are protons, about 9% are helium nuclei (alpha particles) and about 1% are electrons (beta minus particles). The term “ray” is a misnomer, as cosmic particles arrive individually, not in the form of a ray or beam of particles.

The variety of particle energies reflects the wide variety of sources. The origins of these particles range from energetic processes on the Sun all the way to as yet unknown events in the farthest reaches of the visible universe. Cosmic rays can have energies of over 1020 eV, far higher than the 1012 to 1013 eV that man-made particle accelerators can produce. (See Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays for a description of the detection of a single particle with an energy of about 50 J, the same as a well-hit tennis ball at 42 m/s [about 94 mph].) There has been interest in investigating cosmic rays of even greater energies.”

According to Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius
“Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky with a visual apparent magnitude of −1.47, almost twice as bright as Canopus, the next brightest star. Pronounced /ˈsɪriəs/, the name Sirius is derived from the Ancient Greek Σείριος. The star has the Bayer designation α Canis Majoris (α CMa, or Alpha Canis Majoris). What the naked eye perceives as a single star is actually a binary star system, consisting of a white main sequence star of spectral type A1V, termed Sirius A, and a faint white dwarf companion of spectral type DA2, termed Sirius B.”

Nuclear fusion is the process that fuels all stars and it is where hydrogen atoms are combined, by extreme gravity and temperature at the core of the star, to form helium atoms. They give off lots of radiation as a by product including photons. (there are other forms of nuclear fusion going on inside of older stars, but even white dwarves still have hydrogen into helium fusion going on).

According to Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fusion
“The most important fusion process in nature is that which powers the stars. The net result is the fusion of four protons into one alpha particle, with the release of two positrons, two neutrinos (which changes two of the protons into neutrons), and energy, but several individual reactions are involved, depending on the mass of the star. For stars the size of the sun or smaller, the proton-proton chain dominates. In heavier stars, the CNO cycle is more important. Both types of processes are responsible for the creation of new elements as part of stellar nucleosynthesis.”

Those four protons and one alpha particle are cosmic rays. Therefore stars produce a lot of cosmic rays. The bigger the star or the hotter it burns the more cosmic rays produced. So the nearest star (out own sun Sol) puts out the most cosmic rays. With distance things like comets, asteroids and interstellar clouds of gas block some of the cosmic rays meaning the farther the star the fewer the cosmic rays we receive from it. So it becomes a math function of size, brightness, and proximity.

Then There is the magnetic field of our planet and our own sun. These magnetic fields trap some of the cosmic rays. It is theorized that Mar’s low magnetic field may have allowed the cosmic rays from the sun to strip off most of its atmosphere. The sun itself produces a huge magnetic field called the heliosphere and the Voyager Spacecraft from the 1970s are crossing it only now.

Around earth we know of those magnetic fields as the Van Allen Radiation belts. Once we thought nuclear missile testing created those belts, but actually the action between the earth’s magnetic field and the solar cosmic rays did. We have found that Jupiter has an even stronger magnetic field and it has trapped a lot of radiation in those fields.

Since the sun is the nearest star it puts out the most cosmic rays that reach earth. Since the sun has its own magnetic field that traps many of those incoming cosmic rays that means that those cosmic rays produced by the sun are the ones that are more likely to get through to the earth. We get much more cosmic rays from Sol than from any other star because Sol blocks some of those incoming cosmic rays.

Don’t forget black holes; they are strong producers of cosmic rays. When the matter is sucked into the black hole it is smashed together and at the poles the is so much incoming matter that it can’t get out of the way and so it creates a huge radiation shower. Quasars are the brightest stars in the universe and they are actually black holes with a pole pointed in our direction. These are the strongest sources of radiation in space some quasars can outshine the galaxy they are in.

61 Cygni is thought to be a be a stellar system with a black hole in it and the nearest black hole to the earth so I would say that next to the sun it is the strongest source of cosmic rays in our sky. The poles of the black hole that might be there don’t point at the Sol system so we don’t see the system as a quasar, but we still get a lot radiation from 91 Cygni and some of that radiation is reflected off of interstellar dust and other garbage and reaches us.

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Star Trek 2009 Movie Review

Star Trek (2009)

Star Trek 11 Prequel – The Future Begins

The story of a young crew’s maiden voyage onboard the most advanced starship ever created: the U.S.S. Enterprise. On a journey filled with cosmic peril, the new recruits must find a way to stop an evil being whose mission of vengeance threatens all of mankind. The fate of the galaxy rests in the hands of bitter rivals. One, James T. Kirk, is a delinquent, thrill-seeking Iowa farm boy. The other, Spock, was raised in a logic-based society that rejects all emotion. As fiery instinct clashes with calm reason, their unlikely but powerful partnership is the only thing capable of leading their crew through unimaginable danger, boldly going where no one has gone before.

“Star Trek” manages to bring heavy action to a tired franchise, without stripping away the complexities of the original. This is an enjoyable film – sci fi fans will love it, and regular audiences will get caught up. An endlessly exhilarating and engaging ride regardless of its narrative flaws, Star Trek sits proudly as one of the best sci-fi films of the last decade, and that’s coming from someone who has never Trekked before.

Star Trek Cast and Crew

Starring: Chris Pine, Zachary Quinto, Karl Urban, Simon Pegg, Eric Bana, Anton Yelchin, Zoe Saldana, John Cho, Leonard Nimoy, Bruce Greenwood, Ben Cross, Winona Ryder
Director: J.J. Abrams
Screenwriter: Alex Kurtzman, Roberto Orci
Producer: J.J. Abrams, Damon Lindelof
Composer: Michael Giacchino
Studio: Paramount Pictures

Also Known As:
Star Trek 11
Star Trek Prequel
Star Trek XI
Star Trek: Corporate Headquarters
Star Trek: Starfleet Academy

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