Games & Entertainment

Womens Murder
Does anyone know where I can get a free link to the women's Murder Club series?

I'm from New Zealand and found the program while searching for something else so I saw the first three episodes and I'm hooked ….. Ive found a link for the episode 9, but nothing in between ….. Episode 4 onwards will be appreciated and thanks in advance ……

As of now, the network's Web site does not offer online viewing (abc.com). You may want to email, or tvguide.com, to see if there will be a marathon of the episodes … especially with the writers strike going on here!

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Violence Against Women

Violence against Women: Issue of honor killings

Definition
Honor crimes are acts of violence, often murder, mostly committed by male family members especially against family members [women] perceived to have brought dishonor to the family. A woman can be the target of individuals within your family for a variety of reasons, including: refuse to enter into a marriage agreed, being the victim of a sexual assault, seeking a divorce – even from an abusive husband, or (allegedly) committed adultery. The mere perception that a woman has behaved in a specific way of "dishonoring" her family, is sufficient to trigger an attack. [1]

For example, murder honor can sometimes target those who choose the boyfriends, lovers or spouses outside their ethnic family and / or religious community. Some women who adopt the customs (or religion) by an outside group, may also be more likely to be victims. Furthermore, in certain cultures a raped woman to meet any bride price only if home, and therefore is considered "worthless" to the family. There is some evidence that homosexuality can also be grounds for honor killings by family members. Several suspected cases have been but is not confirmed. There is also a documented case of a gay Jordanian man who was shot (not fatally) by his brother.

Many have the practice of being self-contradictory, since an honor killing is sometimes justified by its participants or supporters, as an attempt to maintain morale a religion or a code at the same time, generally forbids killing as morally wrong.

Honor Suicide

Honor Suicides occur when, in an effort to avoid legal sanctions for the death, a woman is ordered or pressured to commit suicide. This phenomenon seems to be a fairly recent. A special envoy of United Nations named Yakin Ertürk, who was sent to Turkey to investigate suspicious suicides was quoted as telling New York Times that some suicides appeared to be "honor killings disguised as a suicide or an accident."

History: Honor Killing

On the basis of proof

In the Valley of Mexico from 150 BC C. – AD 1521, the punishment for female adultery is death by stoning or strangulation, but only after the husband could prove the crime. According to the interpretation of Leviticus and Deuteronomy, the halacha (Jewish law) punish sexual misconduct of some men and women, capital punishment (also by stoning) approved by a court.

Honor killings, usually considered premeditated are typically held to be different from the crimes of passion, which occur worldwide. Crimes of passion are often especially under a status of law. For example, until 1975, the French Penal Code commuted the sentence of a husband who killed his wife after finding her in the act of committing adultery, the law passed in the legal frameworks of many countries based their modern legal codes on the Napoleonic Code. Thus, crimes passion are different from honor killings in the sense that they are spontaneous acts that are not planned. On the other hand, many honor killings (along some crimes of passion) is based on pure suspicion instead of (what appears to be) the proof of facts in relation to the idea that a person has committed or participated in an undesirable "act" in the mind of author (s).

Honor killing in national legal codes

According to the report of the Special Rapporteur submitted to the 58th session of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights (2 002) on the family cultural practices that reflect the Violence Against Women:

The Special Rapporteur indicated that there had been contradictory decisions with regard to defend the honor in Brazil, and that legislation allowing partial or complete defense in this context can be found in the penal codes of Argentina, Bangladesh, Ecuador, Egypt, Guatemala, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Peru, Syria, Turkey, Venezuela and the national authority.

Some of them, including Turkey, have since been modified.

Countries where the law can be interpreted to allow men to kill female relatives in a premeditated effort as well as for crimes of passions, in flagrante delicto in the act of committing adultery, include:

Jordan: Part of the Article 340 of the Penal Code states that "he who discovers his wife or one of his female relatives committing adultery and kills, wounds or injures one of them, are exempt from any penalty. "It has twice been cited by cancellation by the government, but was retained by the Lower House of Parliament.

Countries that allow men to kill female relatives in flagrante delicto (but without premeditation) include:

Syria: Article 548 states that "He who surprises his wife or one of his ascendants, descendants or sister committing adultery (flagrante delicto) or illegitimate sexual acts with another and he killed or injured one or two of them benefits from an exemption of penalty. "

Countries that allow husbands to kill only their wives in flagrante delicto (based on the Napoleonic code) include:

Morocco: Article 418 Penal Code states "Murder, injury and beating are excusable if committed by a husband to his wife as an accomplice in the time they are surprised on adultery. "

Haiti: Article 269 of the Penal Code states that "in the case of adultery under the provisions of Article 284, murder of the husband of his wife and / or your partner, immediately upon discovery in flagrante delicto in the conjugal home, is to be forgiven. "

Turkey: Recently, Turkey changed its laws on crimes of honor. Persons found guilty of this crime are sentenced to life imprisonment.

Two countries in Latin America: Similar laws were shot down in recent two decades: according to human rights lawyer Julie Mertus "in Brazil, until 1991 murders wife is considered non-criminal 'honor killing' in one year alone, nearly eight hundred husbands killed their wives. Similarly, in Colombia, until 1980, a husband legally could kill his wife for adultery. "

Countries where honor killing is not legal, but is often ignored in practice are:

Pakistan: Honor killings are known as Karo Kari (Urdu: ~ ~ CNAE CN?). The practice is supposed to be prosecuted under ordinary murder, but in practice police and prosecutors often ignore it. Often a man must simply claim the killing was for his honor and will be released. Nilofar Bakhtiar, adviser Prime Minister Shaukat Aziz said that in 2003, up 1, 261 women were murdered in honor killings. On 08 December 2004 under international pressure and national Pakistan enacted a law that punishes crimes of honor with a prison sentence of seven years or the death penalty in extreme cases. Organizations women's rights, however, concerned about this law, since it fails to outlaw the practice of allowing murderers to buy their freedom on payment of compensation relatives of the victim. Women's groups that the rights invoked in most cases is the immediate relatives of the victim, who are the murderers, so intrinsically the new law is just eyewash. It did not alter the provisions that the accused could negotiate pardon with the victim's family under the Islamic call. In March 2005, the Pakistani government allied with Islamists to reject a bill that sought to strengthen the law against the practice of "honor killings." Parliament rejected the bill by a majority vote, declaring it to be Islamic.

Occurrence in Pakistan: – Ghazala was burned by his brother in Joharabad, Punjab Province, on 6 January 1999. According to reports, was murdered because her family suspected was having an illicit "relationship with a neighbor. His charred body was reportedly naked and unattended on the street for two hours because no one wanted anything to do with it. Ghazala was burned to death in the name of honor. Hundreds of other women's and girls suffer a similar fate every year amid general public support and little or no intervention from the authorities. In fact, it appears that the number of honor killings is on the rise as the perception of what constitutes the honor – and what damage it – it widens, and as more murders take on the appearance of honor killings in the course of correcting that are rarely punished.

Indian scenario

"Honor killings" that have spread to some of the economically advanced States, is an example. Perpetrated under the guise of saving the "honor" community, caste or family, such incidents occur frequently as the state governments are not interested to take action. The acts of violence including lynching public partners, the murder of the man or woman concerned, the murder made to appear as suicide, public beatings, humiliation, blackening of the face, forced to couples or families to eat excrements or urine drinking forced to incarceration a boycott office and the fines.

The largest number It was found that cases have occurred in Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh – the majority of the incidents reported to the convention took place in these three states. One reason for increasing the visibility of such offenses is the tendency for girls to join growing educational institutions, meeting others of different backgrounds and castes and the establishment of relationships beyond the confines of caste and community. Such individuals, both children and girls are being targeted so none dares to break the barriers of caste and communities. Significantly, in most cases, is economically and socially dominant castes who organize, instigate and complicit in such acts of retaliation.

In the district of Muzaffarnagar in western Uttar Pradesh, at least 13 honor murders within nine months 2003. In 2002, while 10 were reported as homicides, 35 couples were declared missing. It is estimated that Haryana and Punjab has 10 percent of all crimes of honor the country. Not surprisingly, this category of crime exists in government records. In fact, there is even a refusal to acknowledge this phenomenon. Data from these incidents seldom available and above all be classified under the category of crimes in general. In addition, most of these cases go unreported and even when reported, to Often the first information reports [2] did not show and post-mortem was not performed.

panchayats have come to play an increasing role important in Haryana and elsewhere, especially in situations where there is also political patronage. Central to the theme of honor and violence is the subordinate of girls and women in all castes and communities. a woman's chastity is the "honor" of the community and she has no sovereign rights over their body at any point of his life. Retribution is swift and brutal especially if it crosses the barriers of caste and class to elect a lower caste man as his partner.

Case study

Location: Ludhiana

Date: January 12, 2005

Ø Four of the five defendants, including a former police sub-inspector, in honor of a shocking murder case couple have confessed to hire professional murderers to work. They noted that the main accused, Amrik Singh, who was Australia, was born the conspiracy and knew all the murderers, the Sadar police alleged.

Ø The police has also started procedures for deporting the main accused, Amrik Singh, father of one victim Amandeep Kaur, of Australia, while the hope that he would return on their own and join the investigations.

Ø The city police has claimed to take the help of the Embassy of Australia in order even when a large number of gaps existing in the police investigations conducted so far. The police have been unable to provide concrete proof to the other defendants to the complaint of the child's family that Amandeep Kaur family had been threatening the couple for marriage between castes.

Ø The four accused are the murdered woman's maternal grandfather BS Randhawa (70), a former development officer with LIC, and three uncles (fufars) – one of them a former Punjab Police Sub-Inspector Kulwant Singh, Chief of Police serving Amritsar Constable with Tejinder Singh and Sukhdev Singh.

Ø In a press conference Sadar SHO Sandeep Sharma said the four accused had confessed to the police that the couple – timber merchant and his wife Harpreet Singh Amandeep Kaur, a student of BDS – was "punished" for marrying outside their caste.

Ø Amandeep Kaur said had lowered its image in the community by marrying outside the caste. Told police it took almost a year to carry out assassinations and they had been waiting for the moment.

Ø The revelation that two police officers, one retired and serving, were involved in the case has relocated Punjab Police to bad light. Four years ago, the infamous murder case Jassi born in similar caste divisions also had a serving police in the list of defendants.

Ø The case now revolves around the return of Amrik Singh of Australia, with detainees put all the blame on him City and police believe the statements of the accused and the complainants without any evidence.

Ø SHO Sandeep Sharma said Kulwant Singh and Sukhdev Singh were arrested in Amritsar, while Tejinder Singh Randhawa and BS were arrested at the local railway station here while trying to flee the city.

Ø The SHO said the accused had threatened the couple and the relatives of the child during the ring ceremony in Amritsar and later again their marriage ceremony at the Mariot hotel in Ludhiana. The couple was married in a court of the city 11 months ago.

Ø After the family Amandeep Kaur had invited to their homes and said they had accepted the couple. They had organized formal then ring and wedding ceremonies.

Ø Interestingly, the relatives of the accused had been claiming that the police had raided their homes and gathered and kept in illegal detention.

Ø The first accused, Amrik Singh, had pleaded guilty in the case and counter argued that some relatives of Harpreet Singh participated in the murder. When asked if the police register a case against them as well as Amrik Singh has also made a statement as the complainant, the SHO said the police will investigate the allegations.

Ø Meanwhile, the Additional Judge, Mr GC Garg, joined four accused couple of infamous murder case in custody police one day.

Ø Amandeep Kaur and her husband. Hardeep Singh, was killed without mercy, apparently by members of the family of the woman for hatching a conspiracy.

Ø The prosecution asked the police custody for further investigation. A judge sent the accused.

Conclusion
In the former case it is clear that not just Islamic society, but the various companies in India are increasingly confronted the problem of honor killings, the state authorities such as panchayats and police are a party. Thus, in a situation so sick is very important that these incidents are properly cared for by the state and society. These offenses can only be eradicated by:

1. Put very serious criminal sanctions.

2. Select the police and the panchayat, as these crimes are mainly confined to rural areas or villages.

3. Provide education to common people in general.

4. Judiciary must be positive about these cases.

Research from around the world about the fact that violence against women can only be fought if there is a healthy partnership between women's groups and the state apparatus. While women's groups must protect their independence, on some issues required to work effectively with the criminal justice system, joining forces to protect the rights of women victims. Moreover, the law is an important tool but it is one of several strategies available to us. While fighting for justice through the legal system, we must also try to implement policies give education, strategies and health programs at the community level to promote the equality between men and women and teach nonviolent methods of conflict resolution. One approach Multiple violence against women will result in far reaching changes, the transformation of attitudes and practices for men and women can live in equality and dignity.

Bibliography
Books and articles:

"The Jordanian Parliament supports the impunity of honor killings, Washington, DC: Human Rights Watch press release, January 2000,

Burned alive: a victim of Law of Men Alleged first-person account of a victim of an assassination attempt honor (ISBN 0-446-53346-7) The work is based on a repressed memory report and its authenticity has been questioned.

The varied contours of violence against women in southern Asia; Coomaraswamy, Radhika.

About the Author

Prof. Loveleen Kaur Chawla
MBA/NET qualified